三步安装完成nginx负载均衡设置

在反向代理的配置中，nginx的服务器负载均衡存在很多优势，不少企业都用这种软件环境进行业务流程。那么现在就来为大家介绍一下nginx负载均衡器的软件配置过程。包含的内容比较多，那么大家可以仔细浏览一下。

Nginx负载均衡器的优点许多,简单概括为:

①实现了可弹性化的架构,在压力增大的时候可以临时添加tomcat服务器添加到这个架构里面去;

②upstream具有负载均衡能力,可以自动判断下面的机器,并且自动踢出不能正常提供服务的机器;而Keepalvied可保证单个nginx负载均衡器的有效性,避免单点故障.

IP地址

nginx(主负载均衡器):192.168.1.106
nginx(从负载均衡器):192.168.1.107
VIP地址:192.168.1.108
tomcat1的IP:192.168.1.102
tomcat2的IP:192.168.1.103
tomcat3的IP:192.168.1.105

布置整个环境用到的软件为:

apache-tomcat-6.0.20.tar.gz 
jdk-6u16-linux-i586.bin 
nginx-0.7.17.tar.gz 
prce-7.7.tar.gz

①首先分别在3台tomcat主机上布置java环境,安装tomcat,具体步骤为:

安装java环境:

JDK的安装 
#chmod+xjdk-6u16-linux-i586.bin 
#./jdk-6u16-linux-i586.bin 
到此JDK已经安装完成 
建立符号链接 
#ln-s/usr/local/jdk-1.6.0-16/bin/java/usr/bin/java 
#ln-s/usr/local/jdk-1.6.0-16/bin/javac/usr/bin/javac 
ln-s/usr/local/jdk-1.6.0-16/usr/local/jdk 
ln-s/usr/local/jdk-1.6.0-16/jre/usr/local/jre 
TOMCAT的安装 
#tarzxvfapache-tomcat-6.0.20.tar.gz 
#mvapache-tomcat-6.0.20/usr/local/tomcat

设置环境变量: vim /etc/rc.d/rc.local,以追加的形式添加如下内容

JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk 
exportJAVA_HOME 
JRE_HOME=/usr/local/jre 
exportJRE_HOME 
CLASSPATH=/usr/local/tomcat/common/lib/:/usr/local/jdk/lib:/usr/local/jre/lib 
exportCLASSPATH 
PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/:/usr/local/apache/bin:/usr/local/jdk/bin:/usr/local/jre/bin 
exportPATH 
TOMCAT_HOME=/usr/local/tomcat 
exportTOMCAT_HOME 
重启服务器,启动tomcat以检查是否存在错误: 
#cd/usr/local/tomcat/bin 
#./startup.sh 
http://IP地址:8080可以看到猫头:)成功了｡

#p#②分别在二台nginx负载均衡器上安装nginx及配置

下载及安装nginx:

wgetftp://ftp.csx.cam.ac.uk/pub/software/programming/pcre/pcre-7.7.tar.gz 
tarzxvfpcre-7.7.tar.gz 
cdpcre-7.7/ 
./configure 
make&&makeinstall 
wgethttp://sysoev.ru/nginx/nginx-0.7.17.tar.gz 
tarzxvfnginx-0.7.17.tar.gz 
cdnginx-0.7.17/ 
./configure--prefix=/usr/local/nginx--with-http_stub_status_module 
make&&makeinstall

这里贴上nginx.conf配置文件,不加任何说明,方便用X-shell直接粘贴,很人性化的噢:)二个nginx负载均衡器的文件一样,配置完成后分别用/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx启动｡

usernobodynobody; 
worker_processes1; 
pid/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid; 
worker_rlimit_nofile51200; 
events 
{ 
useepoll; 
worker_connections51200; 
} 
http{ 
includemime.types; 
default_typeapplication/octet-stream; 
server_names_hash_bucket_size128; 
client_header_buffer_size32k; 
large_client_header_buffers432k; 
client_max_body_size8m; 
sendfileon; 
tcp_nopushon; 
keepalive_timeout60; 
tcp_nodelayon; 
fastcgi_connect_timeout300; 
fastcgi_send_timeout300; 
fastcgi_read_timeout300; 
fastcgi_buffer_size64k; 
fastcgi_buffers464k; 
fastcgi_busy_buffers_size128k; 
fastcgi_temp_file_write_size128k; 
gzipon; 
gzip_min_length1k; 
gzip_buffers416k; 
gzip_http_version1.0; 
gzip_comp_level2; 
gzip_typestext/plainapplication/x-javascripttext/cssapplication/xml; 
gzip_varyon; 
upstreambackend 
{ 
server192.168.1.102:8080; 
server192.168.1.103:8080; 
server192.168.1.105:8080; 
} 
server{ 
listen80; 
server_namewww.yuhongchun027.com; 
location/{ 
root/var/www; 
indexindex.jspindex.htmindex.html; 
proxy_redirectoff; 
proxy_set_headerHost$host; 
proxy_set_headerX-Real-IP$remote_addr; 
proxy_set_headerX-Forwarded-For$proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; 
proxy_passhttp://backend; 
} 

#location/nginx{ 
#access_logon; 
#auth_basic"NginxStatus"; 
#auth_basic_user_file/usr/local/nginx/htpasswd; 
#} 
log_formataccess'$remote_addr-$remote_user[$time_local]"$request"'
'$status$body_bytes_sent"$http_referer"'
'"$http_user_agent"$http_x_forwarded_for'; 
access_log/var/log/access.logaccess; 
} 
}

#p#③在二台Nginx机上安装及配置keepalived,做双机互备｡

#wgethttp://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-1.1.15.tar.gz 
#tarzxvfkeepalived-1.1.15.tar.gz 
#cdkeepalived-1.1.15 
#./configure 
#make 
#makeinstall 
将keepalived做成启动脚务,方便管理: 
#cp/usr/local/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/ 
#cp/usr/local/etc/sysconfig/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/ 
#mkdir/etc/keepalived 
#cp/usr/local/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf/etc/keepalived/ 
#cp/usr/local/sbin/keepalived/usr/sbin/ 
#servicekeepalivedstart|stop

在二台Nginx上,我分别贴出keepalived.conf配置文件,配置完成后分别用service keepalived start启动｡检验keepalived是否成功可用命令

ipavrrp_instanceVI_INET1{ 
stateMASTER 
interfaceeth0 
virtual_router_id53 
priority200 
advert_int1 
authentication{ 
auth_typepass 
auth_passyourpass 
} 
virtual_ipaddress{ 
192.168.1.108 
} 
} 

vrrp_instanceVI_INET1{ 
stateBACKUP 
interfaceeth0 
virtual_router_id53 
priority100 
advert_int1 
authentication{ 
auth_typepass 
auth_passyourpass 
} 
virtual_ipaddress{ 
192.168.1.108 
} 
}

以上三步完成nginx负载均衡设置后,就是检测了,大家可任意停掉其中一台的任何服务;在正常结果中大家应该发现,其中任意一台服务器宕机后,不影响整个系统的运作｡